Sleep Patterns Linked to Healthy Aging Outcomes

Sleep patterns
Study: The association between sleep duration trajectories and successful aging

A recent study published in the journal BMC Public Health investigated how varied sleep duration patterns link to’successful aging’ among older persons in China. The study stressed the importance of sleep duration and consistency in achieving good aging outcomes. Their findings show that increasing and short sleep patterns are associated with a poorer likelihood of effective aging, underlining the importance of monitoring sleep alterations among older and middle-aged persons.

Background

The global population of adults over 60 is anticipated to increase from 12% in 2015 to 22% by 2050. China, in particular, has a fast aging population, which is expected to reach 397 million and account for 28% of the total population by 2040. Its average life expectancy is 77.6 years, greatly exceeding the healthy life expectancy of 68.4 years.

Successful aging is characterized as living longer while retaining cognitive and physical health, social participation, and mental well-being while avoiding serious diseases. Less than 16% of senior persons in China attain this, while South Korea and Japan have much higher percentages. To promote successful aging in the Chinese population, it is necessary to identify modifiable risk factors.

Both excessive and insufficient sleep have been related to negative outcomes such as depression, cognitive deterioration, and death. Prior research has yielded mixed results on the relationship between successful aging and sleep duration, with one study in China finding associations between short sleep and lower odds of successful aging and another in the United States suggesting that long sleep may reduce the likelihood of aging healthfully.

Previous research did not account for long-term changes in sleep duration over time, instead concentrating on sleep duration recorded at a single point. Persistent short sleep is linked to an increased risk of mortality, dementia, heart disease, and type 2 diabetes, but the association between sleep patterns throughout time and effective aging has not been investigated.

Sleep Patterns – About the Study

Researchers discovered that a constant, normal, and stable sleep pattern is the best path for optimal aging. Chronic lack of sleep may elevate stress hormones (such as cortisol) and inflammation, increasing the risk of age-related disorders. Long-term sleep disturbances may be associated with mental and cognitive impairments, sarcopenia (muscle loss), and disturbed metabolism. Gradual increases in sleep length may suggest health difficulties such as sleep apnea or depression, both of which hinder effective aging.

Importantly, these findings support the notion that sleep consistency is just as important as duration for beneficial aging effects. They argue that persistent sleep deficits or gradual increases in sleep duration are barriers to effective aging, emphasizing the significance of dynamic sleep monitoring as a preventive approach.

For more information: Hongying Shi, et al. The association between sleep duration trajectories and successful aging: a population-based cohort study, BMC Public Health, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20524-7

Rachel Paul is a Senior Medical Content Specialist. She has a Masters Degree in Pharmacy from Osmania University. She always has a keen interest in medical and health sciences. She expertly communicates and crafts latest informative and engaging medical and healthcare narratives with precision and clarity. She is proficient in researching, writing, editing, and proofreading medical content and blogs.

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